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languish

/ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/
IELTSAcademic
verb

To become weak, unhappy, or less active, often because of poor conditions, illness, or lack of care. It can also mean to wait or live in a dull, slow way.

  • The plants languished in the hot weather.
  • He languished in hospital for weeks.
  • The town languished after the factory closed.

Adinary Nuance

Languish is weaker and slower than verbs like “suffer” or “die.” It often suggests a long, sad decline, not a sudden problem. Writers use it when something slowly loses energy, health, or success. It can also sound a little literary or formal.

In other languages

Vietnamese
tàn úa
Spanish
marchitarse
Chinese
萎靡
Japanese
衰える
Korean
시들다

Etymology

Languish comes from Old French languiss-, from Latin languere, meaning “to be weak or feeble.” It entered English in the Middle Ages.

Common phrases

languish in prisonlanguish in povertylanguish for yearslanguish on the shelf

Synonyms

Related words

Frequently asked questions

Is languish formal or informal?
It is fairly formal and often appears in writing, news, or literature.
What is the difference between languish and suffer?
Suffer is broader and more direct. Languish suggests a slow, weak decline.
Can languish be used for things, not people?
Yes. People use it for plants, businesses, places, and ideas too.
Is languish a common IELTS word?
Yes, it can help in academic writing when describing decline or poor conditions.