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vicarious-embarrassment

/vɪˈkeə.ri.əs ɪmˈbær.əs.mənt/
IELTSAcademic
noun

Embarrassment you feel for someone else, even though you are not the one in the awkward situation. It often happens when you watch someone make a social mistake.

  • I felt vicarious embarrassment for him.
  • Her speech caused me vicarious embarrassment.
  • We watched in vicarious embarrassment.

Adinary Nuance

Vicarious embarrassment is not the same as embarrassment, because you feel it for another person, not for yourself. It is close to second-hand embarrassment and cringe, but vicarious embarrassment sounds more neutral and precise. Writers often use it when they want a clear, descriptive phrase rather than slang.

In other languages

Vietnamese
Xấu hổ hộ
Spanish
Vergüenza ajena
Chinese
替人尴尬
Japanese
共感羞恥
Korean
대리 수치심

Etymology

Vicarious comes from Latin vicarious, meaning 'taking another's place'. Embarrassment came into English from French in the 17th century.

Common phrases

feel vicarious embarrassmentsecond-hand embarrassmenta moment of vicarious embarrassment

Synonyms

Related words

Frequently asked questions

Is vicarious embarrassment formal or informal?
It is fairly neutral and slightly formal. People also use the more casual phrase 'second-hand embarrassment'.
What is the difference between vicarious embarrassment and embarrassment?
Embarrassment is about your own awkward feelings. Vicarious embarrassment is when you feel awkward for someone else.
Can I use vicarious embarrassment in academic writing?
Yes, especially in psychology, media studies, or writing about social behaviour.
Is cringe the same as vicarious embarrassment?
Not exactly. Cringe is more casual and can mean the feeling or the thing that causes it.