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What's the word for someone who avoids human society and lives alone?

The word you're looking for

A recluse is a person who lives alone and avoids other people. It fits this idea better than many other words because it can describe a natural, chosen withdrawal from society.

Other words that fit

Use this for someone who lives in seclusion, often in a simple or spiritual way.

Use this for someone who prefers being alone, but it is less formal and not always negative.

Use this more for a person cut off from others, especially by circumstance, not choice.

Use this when the person dislikes humanity in general, not just solitude.

Why this word

The best word for someone who avoids human society and lives alone is usually recluse. It suggests a person who keeps away from other people and prefers a private life. If you mean a religious or very secluded person, hermit is also possible. Avoid using loner if you want a more exact or formal word, because it can simply mean someone who likes being alone.

In context

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Frequently asked questions

Is recluse always a negative word?
No. It can be neutral or slightly sad. It just means the person keeps away from others.
What is the difference between recluse and hermit?
Hermit often suggests a spiritual or very simple way of life. Recluse is more general.
Can I use loner instead of recluse?
Sometimes, but loner is less formal and can mean someone who simply prefers solitude.