Is victuals a common word in modern English?

No, it is uncommon and sounds old-fashioned or literary.

Can I use victuals in everyday speech?

Usually no. Most speakers say 'food' or 'meals' instead.

What is the difference between victuals and provisions?

Victuals means food. Provisions can mean food plus other supplies.

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victuals

/ˈvɪt.əlz/

IELTSAcademic

noun

Victuals are food, especially food for a journey, a meal, or a group of people. It is an old-fashioned or literary word.

They packed victuals for the long train ride.
The campers shared their victuals by the fire.

Adinary Nuance

Victuals is close to 'food', 'provisions', and 'supplies', but it sounds older and more literary. Writers use it when they want an old-world or rustic feeling, not in everyday speech. In modern conversation, 'food' is the natural choice.

In other languages

Vietnamese: thức ăn
Spanish: alimentos
Chinese: 食物
Japanese: 食料
Korean: 식량

Etymology

Victuals comes from Middle English, from Old French and Latin roots linked to 'food' and 'supplies'. It was more common in earlier English and still sounds old-fashioned today.

Common phrases

pack victualsprovide victualsvictuals and drink

Synonyms

food provisions supplies

Related words

meal rations groceries

Frequently asked questions

Is victuals a common word in modern English?: No, it is uncommon and sounds old-fashioned or literary.
Can I use victuals in everyday speech?: Usually no. Most speakers say 'food' or 'meals' instead.
What is the difference between victuals and provisions?: Victuals means food. Provisions can mean food plus other supplies.